Menstruation, also known as period or monthly, is a natural and essential part of a woman’s life. The onset of menstruation is one of the most important changes occurring in the girls during the adolescent years. In the olden days, a young lady experiences her first menstruation (menarche) in her late teens or early twenties. In recent times, however, some begin their menstrual cycle as early as nine years. The age at menarche is widely considered as an important landmark in sexual maturity.
Adolescent girls constitute a vulnerable group, particularly in India where female children are neglected. Menstruation is still regarded as something unclean or dirty in Indian society. The reaction to menstruation depends upon awareness and knowledge about the subject. The manner in which a girl learns about menstruation and its associated changes may have an impact on her response to the event of menarche. Although menstruation is a natural process, it is linked with several misconceptions and practices, which sometimes results in adverse health outcomes.
Hygiene-related practices of women during menstruation are of considerable importance, as it has a health impact in terms of increased vulnerability to reproductive tract infections (RTI). The interplay of socio-economic status, menstrual hygiene practices and RTI are noticeable. Today millions of women are suffering from RTI and its complications and often the infection is transmitted to the offspring of the pregnant mother.
According to Ayurveda, the menstrual cycle is closely linked to a woman’s overall health and wellbeing, and by following specific practices, women can support their bodies and ease the symptoms associated with menstruation.
Preparing for the menstrual cycle in Ayurveda involves adopting a holistic approach that encompasses diet, lifestyle, and self-care practices. Here are some key aspects of getting ready for the menstrual cycle in Ayurveda.
Cultural Beliefs, Social Norms and Myths
Menstruation and menstrual practices are still clouded by taboos and sociocultural restrictions resulting in adolescent girls remaining ignorant of the scientific facts and hygienic health practices, which sometimes results in adverse health outcomes.
Many cultures have beliefs or myths relating to menstruation. Almost always, there are social norms or unwritten rules and practices about managing menstruation and interacting with menstruating women. Most cultures have secret codes and practices around managing periods. Some of these are helpful but others have potentially harmful implications. Many myths and social norms restrict women and girl’s level of participation in society. This can make their daily lives difficult and limit their freedom. For example, in some cultures, women and girls are told that during their menstrual cycle they should not bathe (or they will become infertile), touch a cow (or it will become infertile), look in a mirror (or it will lose its brightness), or touch a plant (or it will die).
Problem Statement
Today millions of women suffer from RTI and its complications and often the infection is transmitted to the offspring of the pregnant mother.
According to UNICEF, 1 in 10 school-age African girls do not attend school during menstruation or drop out at puberty because of the lack of clean and private sanitation facilities in schools.
66% of girls know nothing about menstruation until they start their menses.
Therefore, having knowledge about menstruation right from childhood may escalate safe practices and may help in mitigating the suffering of millions of women.
Some Key Aspects of Getting Ready for the Menstrual Cycle in Ayurveda
Balancing Doshas: According to Ayurveda, the three doshas – Vata, Pitta, and Kapha – play a crucial role in maintaining overall health. Imbalances in these doshas can lead to menstrual irregularities and discomfort. Prior to the menstrual cycle, it is important to balance the doshas through proper diet, lifestyle modifications, and herbal remedies.
Dietary Considerations: Ayurveda emphasizes the importance of consuming nourishing and easily digestible foods to support the body during menstruation. It is recommended to include warm, cooked meals, plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and herbal teas in the diet. Avoiding processed foods, excessive caffeine, and spicy or greasy foods can help in reducing bloating, cramps, and mood swings.
Herbal Support: Ayurvedic herbs such as Ashoka, Shatavari, and Lodhra are traditionally used to support women’s health during the menstrual cycle. These herbs are known for their hormone-balancing and soothing properties, which can help alleviate menstrual discomfort and promote a healthy flow.
Yoga and Exercise: Gentle yoga poses and light exercise can help improve circulation, reduce stress, and alleviate menstrual symptoms. Practicing yoga asanas that focus on pelvic opening and relaxation can be particularly beneficial. Additionally, regular physical activity can help maintain overall health and balance the body’s energy.
Self-Care Practices: Self-care plays a crucial role in preparing for the menstrual cycle. Ayurveda recommends practices such as abhyanga, meditation, and adequate rest to support emotional well-being and reduce stress. Taking time for oneself and engaging in calming activities can help alleviate premenstrual tension.
Stress Management: Managing stress is essential for maintaining hormonal balance and supporting a healthy menstrual cycle. Ayurveda emphasizes the importance of stress-reducing practices such as deep breathing exercises (pranayama), mindfulness, and meditation to promote relaxation and emotional stability.
What hygiene practices should be followed during menstruation?
- Change napkins regularly
- Remember to take change of napkins whenever going out
- Wash the genital area after each use of the toilet, also after urination
- Keep the area between the legs dry otherwise soreness and chafing may develop
- One can take bath every day during menstruation
- Do not use soaps or any other product to wash inside of vagina
What if using cloth?
- Ensure that clean, soft, dry and absorbent cloth is used
- In case, it is being reused, it must be washed thoroughly and dried in private but sunny place
- After drying, if possible it should be ironed
- Store in a clean and dry place
- Do not share this cloth with anyone 6. After multiple uses, dispose off this cloth
How often to change sanitary napkin?
- Change at least once a day
- Changing every six-eight hours is recommended
- During heavy menses may need to change every 3-4 hours
- Do not keep till completely soaked
What are the advantages of sanitary napkin?
- Sanitary napkin can be used and disposed in a much easier way as compared to cloth
- It has absorbent material layer, which provided a dry feeling
- Decreases chances of infections
- Helps in mobility and ease of daily routine work.
Conclusion
Menstrual hygiene, a very important risk factor for reproductive tract infections, is a vital aspect of health education for adolescent girls. Before bringing any change in menstrual practices, the girls should be educated about the facts of menstruation, physiological implications, about the significance of menstruation and development of secondary sexual characteristics, and above all, about proper menstrual practices with selection of disposable sanitary menstrual absorbent. This can be achieved through educational television programmes, school/ nurses/health personnel, compulsory sex education in school curriculum and knowledgeable parents, that can indirectly wipe away the age-old wrong ideas and make her feel free to discuss menstrual matters including cleaner practices without any hesitation. All mothers irrespective of their educational status should be taught to break their inhibitions about discussing with their daughters regarding menstruation much before the age of menarche. Also, by embracing the wisdom of Ayurveda, women can cultivate a deeper connection with their bodies and experience a more harmonious approach to menstruation. With mindful preparation and self-care practices, women can navigate their menstrual cycles with greater ease and well-being.
